Subfields in Natural Sciences
Physics
The study of matter, energy, and the fundamental forces of nature, exploring phenomena from the subatomic scale to the cosmic level.
Chemistry
The science that examines the properties, composition, and changes of matter, including reactions and the interactions between different substances.
Biology
The study of living organisms, their life processes, interactions, and the ecosystems they inhabit, encompassing various branches such as genetics and ecology.
Earth Science
The field that focuses on the Earth and its processes, including geology, meteorology, oceanography, and environmental science.
Astronomy
The scientific study of celestial bodies, such as stars, planets, and galaxies, as well as the universe as a whole and its origin.
Environmental Science
An interdisciplinary field that studies the environment and the impacts of human activity, aiming to address issues like pollution and conservation.
Ecology
The branch of biology that deals with the relationships between living organisms and their physical environment, as well as their interactions within ecosystems.
Geology
The study of the Earth’s solid materials, including rocks and minerals, and the processes that shape the Earth over time.
Meteorology
The science that focuses on the atmosphere and weather, including the study of climate patterns and atmospheric phenomena.
Geophysics
The study of the Earth using quantitative physical methods, often involving the analysis of gravitational, magnetic, and seismic phenomena.
Zoology
The branch of biology that focuses specifically on the study of animals, their behavior, physiology, and classification.
Botany
The scientific study of plants, including their structure, growth, reproduction, metabolism, and relationships to the environment.
Microbiology
The study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa, and their roles in various environments and human health.
Molecular Biology
The study of biological processes at the molecular level, especially the interactions between various systems of a cell, including DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis.
Astrophysics
A branch of astronomy that employs the principles of physics and chemistry to understand the nature of celestial bodies and the universe.
Biochemistry
The branch of science that explores the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms, bridging biology and chemistry.
Oceanography
The study of ocean ecosystems, marine organisms, and the physical and chemical properties of the oceans.